Chinese Cities - Sciences Po - OGLM 3050 - 59127 - S2 2025 Clément Renaud [hi@clementrenaud.com](mailto:hi@clementrenaud.com) (use left/right keyboard arrows to navigate) --- class: inverse, center, middle ## Week 5 # 造 ## Infrastructures: Building The Made In China #### 4 Mar 2025 --- class: inverse, center, middle ## Character of the week # 造 [Purple Culture](https://www.purpleculture.net/dictionary-details/?word=造) / [Hanziyuan](https://hanziyuan.net/) / [CUHK dic](https://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=造) --- class: inverse # Some practical matters - [Fiche de présence](https://scolarite.sciences-po.fr/PROD/twbkwbis.P_GenMenu?name=homepage) - Assignments - Any questions? --- class: inverse, middle, center background-image: url(/EPFL-GoingEast/img/shenzhen.jpg) # Made in China ### (Regional planning in Guangdong) --- class:center background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/PRD_history.jpg) .inverse[ # Guangdong Province ] ### The Pearl River Delta: Legacy of a Global History .footnote.small[ A trade port in Guangdong at the end of the 19th Century - source: [Wright, Arnold (1908)](https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00wriguoft) - [Charting the Pearl River Delta](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bill-Jeffery/publication/337533141_Charting_the_Pearl_River_Delta/links/5ddcd51b92851c1fedb1ecb6/Charting-the-Pearl-River-Delta.pdf) ] --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/delta-riviere-perles-corridor-innovation-carte.png) ## The Pearl River Delta --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/map-grumbach-renaud.png) --- class: inverse, middle, center # Part 1: Planning the SEZ --- class: inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/computing-china.jpeg) # The Cultural Revolution ## (1966-1976) --- class: inverse background-image: url(/talks/mythologie/img/xizhongxun.jpeg) # 经济特区 .footnote[ 早春 - 大潮起珠江 (40 年展，中国国家美术馆) ] --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/shenzhen_shangu_map.png) ## The Special Economic Zone --- class:inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/great-exodus-hk.webp) ## The Great Exodus to HK .footnote[ Four "freedom swimmers" are led away by police for questioning at Tai Po Kau in May 1971. Photo: Chu Ming-hoi (source : [SCMP](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1126786/forgotten-stories-huge-escape-hong-kong)) ] --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/third_front.jpeg) ## The Third Front --- background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/ZHOU-The-PLA-engineering-corps-entering-Shenzhen-1980.jpeg) ## The Engineering Corps (1980) .footnote.inverse[ source: Zhou, 2021 ] --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/Shangbu_Layout.jpg) ## The Shangbu District (1985) --- class: inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/xia_hai.jpeg) .inverse[ # 下海 ] .footnote[ image: Taiwan Mobile (大哥大) ] --- class: inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/duwang.jpg) .inverse[ # Hong Kong (and Taiwan) ] .footnote[ Very strong cultural influence ] --- class: inverse background-image: url(/talks/mythologie/img/dagongmei.jpeg) # 打工妹 .footnote.inverse[ image: Shenzhen News, 1987 ] --- class: inverse, middle, center # Part 2 : The Dream of the Red Engineers --- class:inverse # "We should dare to experiment and break a new path. That is the important lesson to be learned from Shenzhen." [Deng Xiaoping](https://dengxiaopingworks.wordpress.com/2013/03/18/excerpts-from-talks-given-in-wuchang-shenzhen-zhuhai-and-shanghai/) - Jan 20, 1992 in Shenzhen during the Southern Tour .col-one-half[ [](http://www.china.org.cn/china/CPC_90_anniversary/2011-04/19/content_22392494.htm) ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/shenzhen-planning-1996-2010.jpg) class: inverse ## Shenzhen Master Plan (1996) .footnote[ Shenzhen Municipal Government in O'Donnell ] --- class: background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/ATARI-christmas-ad.png) ## The Rise of Consumer Electronics --- class: center .inverse[ # Digital infrastructures buildup ] .col-one-half[ .inverse[Information Highways (1991)]  ] .col-one-half[ .inverse[Golden Projects (1992)]  ] --- background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/baishizhou.jpeg) # Urban villages .footnote.inverse[ source: O'Donnell, 2021 ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/longhua.jpg) # Longhua Industrial District .footnote[ Home of Foxconn/Hon Hai Longhua plant. Incorporated in the SEZ in 2010 .small[(Zou, 2014)] ] --- background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/ATX_Form_Factor_Comparison.jpeg) .inverse.center[ # Modularization of technology ] .footnote[ LEC-MTK-I1200 SoM ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/whitebox.jpg) .inverse.center[ # The 90s "Whitebox" Computers ] --- class: inverse, center background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/remote_exploded.jpg) .inverse[ # Learning from scratch ] .footnote[image: [Bug Workshop](http://bugworkshop.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/sonyrm-677c.html)] --- class: middle, center background-image: url(/talks/ShanzhaiArcheology/img/HQBlife.jpg) .inverse[ # The family-based factory ] --- class: inverse, center background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/china-wto-accession.jpeg) # Industrial boom --- class: inverse background-image: url(/talks/ShanzhaiArcheology/img/HQBstuff.jpg) # Huaqiangbei .footnote[ ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/huaqiangbei-map.png) # Huaqiangbei .footnote[ ] --- background-image: url(/talks/mythologie/img/shuihuzhuan.jpeg) # Shanzhai / 山寨 .footnote[ 水浒传 - 连环画出版社 ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/iPhones.jpg) .inverse.center[ # ☆ AAA 货 ☆ ] --- background-image: url(/talks/ShanzhaiArcheology/img/PowerBankPhone.png) class:center .inverse[ # Trying all sort of things ] .footnote.inverse.align-right[ ## Facing new problems Accra, Ghana (2015) .small[ source: [Quartz Africa](https://qz.com/411330/the-mystery-of-the-power-bank-phone-taking-over-ghana/) ] ] .left-column[   ] --- class: center, middle, inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/GOLDSMITH_ok.gif) .footnote.small[ ## [SHANZHAI ARCHEOLOGY](http://disnovation.org/shanzhai.html) by DISNOVATION.ORG ] --- class: middle, center, inverse # Part 3: Sparse Infrastructure ### Urban & digital mesh --- class: inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/taobao-village-pic.webp) # Taobao villages ### [Watch video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTJBpGC8Ems) .footnote[ Source: [Quartz](https://qz.com/899922/once-poverty-stricken-chinas-taobao-villages-have-found-a-lifeline-making-trinkets-for-the-internet) ] --- background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/taobao-villages-map.jpg) .inverse[ # Autonomous Urbanism ] .footnote[ - Hilgefort & Li's Chapter in [_Realtime Making Digital China_](https://realtimechina.net) ] --- class: inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/taobao-village-drawing.jpg) .footnote[ - [Taobao Villages map](https://www.chinese-architects.com/en/drawing-architecture-studio-beijing/project/taobao-village-smallacre-city) ] --- class: inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/REFORM-Superblock.jpg) .inverse[ # The modular / model city ] .footnote[ source : [Harvard RE-FORM project](https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/re-form-towards-human-scale-urbanism-in-china/)] --- class: center, inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/REFORM-betweenessSE.jpg) .inverse[ # Building Blocks ] .footnote[ source : [Harvard RE-FORM project](https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/re-form-towards-human-scale-urbanism-in-china/)] --- class: middle, center, inverse # Part 4: Going Global --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/shenzhen-2010-2014-plan.jpg) class: inverse ## Shenzhen Master Plan (2010) .footnote[ (Shenzhen Municipal Government 2010) ] --- class: center, inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/massive-flyover-before.jpg) .inverse[ ## The "Shenzhen speed" ### Work started Jan. 29. ## ] --- class: center, inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/massive-flyover-after.jpg) .inverse[ ### .and was completed by Feb. 6 ] .footnote[ source : [Eye Shenzhen - Massive flyover dismantled at Shenzhen Speed ](http://www.eyeshenzhen.com/content/2019-02/13/content_21404674.htm) ] --- class: inverse, center background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/huawei-campus.jpeg) .footnote[ ## The Huawei campus in Longhua, Shenzhen source: The Atlantic ] --- class: center, inverse background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/bitcoin-mine.jpeg) .inverse[ # Real-time technology making ] .footnote.small[Source : Vice] --- class: inverse, middle, center background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/cny-robodance.gif) .inverse[ # Growing and nurturing giants ] .footnote.small[ 2017 Chinese New Year TV show featuring a ballet of robots by Shenzhen company *UBTech* dancing with the famous singer Sun Nan - source: CCTV ] --- class: inverse, center background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/Shenzhens-BYD-taxi-fleet.jpg) # New industries .footnote[ BYD Taxis in Shenzhen ] --- class: center, inverse background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/smic_hq_china_smic.jpeg) # "Climb up the food chain" .footnote[ SMIC chip foundry in Shenzhen ] --- class: inverse, middle, center background-image: url(/talks/ShanzhaiArcheology/img/ShenzhenMap.png) .inverse[ # Learning from Shenzhen ] --- background-image: url(/talks/shenzhen-the-making-of-technology/img/china-city-johannesburg.jpg) class:center, inverse .inverse[ # Shaping new spaces around the world... ] .footnote.inverse[ China city in Johannesburg - source: Quartz ] --- background-image: url(/chinese-cities/img/Merics_Digital-Silkroad-Tracker_RGB_final_web_0.jpeg) class:center, inverse # ...and in the cyberspace ---